![]() ![]() eg coronavirus, varicella pneumonia,Influenza type A or B, rhinoviruses adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus (more common in infants and children) The viruses invade the lungs and then multiply- causing inflammation. Viral Pneumonia - believed to be the cause of half of all cases of pneumonia. This fungus does not cause illness in healthy individuals, but rather in those with a weakened immune system. eg Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (formerly known as Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia) is caused by the Pneumocystis carinii fungus. This is usually inhaled from the environment and does not spread from person to person. fungal pneumonia This typically occurs in people who have a weakened immune system or other underlying health issues. The alveoli become inflamed and pus is produced, which spreads around the lungs eg Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenza, legionella pneumophilia and Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae - these are known as Atypical Pneumonia as they do not respond to the normal antibiotics used for treatment Mycoplasmal Pneumonia (also known as 'walking pneumonia') is similar to bacterial pneumonia, whereby the mycoplasmas proliferate and spread - causing infection. Bacterial Pneumonia occurs when pneumonia-causing bacteria masses and multiplies in the lungs. ![]() The various types of pneumonia are discussed below There are various causes of pneumonia, in most the mode of transmission is via bacteria however it can be passed from person to person and also from the environment and practising good hygiene can minimise the spread of germs. This increases the work of breathing, and thus gaseous exchange cannot occur as it normally would For more detailed information about lung anatomy see here moving out of the lungs.During a Pneumonia infection, the alveoli of one or both lungs fill up with pus or fluid. Carbon dioxide, a waste product of cell metabolism, enters the lungs from the body in the bloodstream and crosses over into the lungs where it is then exhaled into the atmosphere.On inhalation oxygen entering the lung where crosses into the bloodstream, via the capillaries, for distribution around the body.People at-risk for pneumonia also include adults over the age of 65 and people with preexisting health problems. Pneumonia killed more than 808 000 children under the age of 5 in 2017, accounting for 15% of all deaths of children under 5 years.It can cause mild to life-threatening illness in people of all ages, however it is the single largest infectious cause of death in children worldwide. Pneumonia is a form of acute respiratory infection that is most commonly caused by viruses or bacteria.It is due to material, usually purulent, filling the alveoli. Pneumonia is a general term in widespread use, defined as infection within the lung. ![]()
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